The Asian American Culture Of America - 1907 Words

The culture that I chose to present is the Asian American culture. It is one of the fastest formed ethnic groups that had their population grow 63% from 1990 to 2000 (Nguyen, 1). The history of the first Asian immigrants started around the gold rush in California. Many Asian immigrants wanted to pursue fortunes in America because of economic hardships in China. Many Chinese started moving to the United States in hopes to get some of the gold in California. Many Chinese were also contracted to work on the railroads in the United States where they worked in very poor conditions for little money and recognition for their hard work. The Chinese even demanded high wages for their work in these poor conditions, but ultimately they were shot†¦show more content†¦(Le, 1) The term Asian American refers to anyone that is living in the United States with a background or heritage with peoples of far east Asia, Southeast Asia and India (Chen, 2). In this culture, there are many different types of ethnicities inside the race of Asian Americans. This group includes Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Laotian, Taiwanese, Vietnamese, Filipino, Cambodian, and Indians that are a part of the continent of Asia. The language of Asian Americans can differ from the type of background that they grew up in. They can chose to adopt the English language in order to better communicate with their surroundings. Asian Americans do not have a primary location in the United States. When the gold rush took place in California, many Asian Americans set up china towns in and around that state. The highest populated area of Asian Americans is in California with over 4.2 million inhabitants. They are a very diverse culture and many have different reasons for moving to the United States from searching for a better life to escaping war times. Some Asian Americans that immigrated to the United States need to adopt the norms that society has that is called acculturation. (Zhang, 752) One characteristic of the culture is that in Asian cultures, most people share a high power distance between one another. This means that there is a sensitivity when speaking with people in a higher position in relation to one another. Children are taught to

How Do We Know Something - 2341 Words

How do we know something? ¨ Well people can know something through three ways: 1.)experiential/empirical 2.)cognitive/rational and 3.)constructed/creational. With experiential a person can know something because they have experienced it, basically through the five senses. With cognitive one knows something because it has been thought through, argued, or rationalized. With constructed a person knows something because they created it and it may be subjective instead of objective and it may be based on practice or awareness. There will be five authors that will be referenced in this essay, they are Hume, Kant, and Locke. Empiricism, A-priorism, and Skepticism will be discussed. Empiricism: A mind that is blank has no room to process sensations. A blank mind is no mind at all. The process of empiricism can’t even begin. The senses aren’t trustworthy. The first step in an empirical theory of knowledge is the regaining of data through the senses. For this process to succeed the senses must be trustworthy. If a witness in a criminal case is shown to have perjured himself, how much credence do you give to the other statements he made. If you’re eyes deceive you once you can’t believe any of it. It is impossible to distinguish a valid perception from an invalid perception. Empiricism cannot determine individuals. â€Å"This massive mountain (Mt. Blanca) stands at the southern end of the Sangre de Cristo range. Is it them really a thing, an individual, a primary reality? If the entireShow MoreRelatedThe Scientific Study Of Epistemology817 Words   |  4 Pageslike me, science is a fact; but â€Å"how did it get in that way?† And, â€Å"how do we know that we know?† These fundamental questions are part of the scientific study of epistemology. Epistemology describes the nature and scope of science, it is known as â€Å"theory of knowledge†, and it is fundamental to any learning. 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We have a duty to question the credibility of our sources of information in order to know if we can believe the informationRead More appearence and reality Essay586 Words   |  3 Pages Appearance and Reali ty nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In Chapter One Bertrand Russell basically wants to know the true meaning of â€Å"reality†. The truth is that â€Å"reality† can never truly be determined. I say this because there is a difference between believing and actually knowing. For example I know the desk in the front of the classroom is real. I know this because all of my senses concur. Now when I try to determine to color, the texture or even the shape of the desk I will run into a problem.Read MoreAnalysis Of The Article Article On 942 Words   |  4 PagesHow To Stop Limiting Yourself: Three Keys By Alan Allard | Submitted On November 02, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook 1 Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Alan Allard Most people will admit to having more potential thanRead MoreIt Is A Simple Law Of Attraction1702 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"It is a simple law of attraction that you get back what you put out into the universe. 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STP Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning in Marketing Strategies Free Essays

Introduction All marketing is built on STP – Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning (Kotler Keller, p.310). In the chapter of fundamental marketing concepts, trends, and tasks it says: â€Å"A marketer can rarely satisfy everyone in a market. We will write a custom essay sample on STP: Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning in Marketing Strategies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not everyone likes the same cereal, hotel room, restaurant, automobile, collage or movie. Therefore, marketers start by dividing up the market into segments† (Kotler Keller, 2005, p.24). Segmentation is often the key to developing a sustainable competitive advantage based on differentiation, low cost, or a focus strategy (Aaker, 1995, p.49). It is difficult to identify segments, but typically you consider five, ten or more segmentation variables. These variables needs to be evaluated on the basis of their ability to identify segments for which different strategies are (or should be) pursued (Aaker, 1995, p.51). Once the segments are defined, it is possible for the marketers to evaluate what segments presents the greatest opportunity for business and make an offer to target this specific segment. The useful segment variables for this are : (1) Parameters unrelated to the product (demographic, gender etc) (2) Parameters related to the product (3) Competitor segmentation (4) Benefit segmentation (5) Price Sensitivity (6) Loyalty (7)Application segmentation (Aker, 1995, p.52-54). No company can win if its products and offerings resemble every other product and offering. Companies must pursue relevant positioning and differentiation. In the line of making these strategies, each company must represent a distinctive big idea in the mind of the target market. Positioning is the act of designing the company’s offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the mind of the target market (Kotler Keller, 2005, p.310). This way of positioning works for static businesses like the shampoo and the washing powder businesses for example. Products in a more dynamic environment like PC’s and semiconductors, where things change often, fast and dramatically, need another way of thinking which is described below: †Standard approaches to positioning do not necessarily work. A company that is #1 today has no guarantee that it will be #1 tomorrow. New technologies can turn a seemingly solid position into a fragile one almost overnight. No amount of advertising can prevent that from happening. Even with the best of slogans, a company can lose its position in the market.† McKenna (1985, p.15) Positioning is not something that you do with the product, positioning is what you do to the mind of the prospect. That is, you position the product in the mind of the prospects. This is described in the book Positioning (Ries Trout, 2006), who claims that the market place today is an overcommunicated society where there is too much of information communicating its offer (Ries Trout, 2006, p.6). This is the reason of why we need positioning. We need positioning to be successful in communicating our message on the market place in the overcommunicated society. Positioning is a concept that has changed the nature of advertising, a concept so simple, people have difficulty understanding how powerful it is (Ries Trout, 2006, p.2). According to Trout the history within the advertisement on the market place, which now is overcommunicated, have been in three different eras (Ries Trout, 2006, p.22-24): †¢ Product era; where Unique Selling Points were communicated, but was destroyed by Me-too companies. †¢ Image era; where successful companies found image more important than product features. This era was also destroyed by the Me-too companies. †¢ Positioning era; to succeed in our overcommunicated society, a company mustcreate a position in the prospect’s mind. In this era, strategy is king and there isnot necessary to invent and be first with the product, but you need to be first in the mind of your customer. In our overcommunicated society, the paradox is that nothing is more important than communication. With communication going for you, anything is possible. Without it, nothing is possible. No matter how talented and ambitious you may be (Ries Trout, 2006, p.19). Positioning is about communication. Positioning is to say the right things to the right person at the right time, NASA call this a window in space. In other words, positioning is an organized system for finding windows in the mind. It is based on the concept that communication can only take place at the right time under the right circumstances. With this in mind, it is also important to keep the position statement oversimplified, to be able to reach the mind of the prospects (Ries Trout, 2006, p.7) According to Ries Trout, there are two possible ways to get into the mind of a person, the easy one and the hard one. The easy one is to be first, the hard one is to be second or ater. Most of the people know the name of the first man on the moon, a lot fewer know the name of the second. But even if you are second, there are strategies for this kind of situation. These situations are described as repositioning by Ries Trout (2006, p.63). Once you are in the mind of the person, the positioning requires consistency. It should be kept year after year. It is very common that companies forget what made them successful, and change the positioning communication. This is normally wrong strategy according to Trout, and refers to when Avis changed their successful slogan: â€Å"Avis is only No. 2 in rent-a-cars, so why go with usWe try harder.† to the less successful; â€Å"Avis is going to be No. 1†. The explanation behind this logic is that to be successful you need to touch base with reality. And the only reality that counts is what’s already in the prospect’s mind (Ries Trout, 2006, p.5). In this case, Avis was not destined to be No.1, unless it could find a weakness in Hertz to explore. To develop an offer, you need to know your strategies of what you are going to sell to whom. If you are working according to the suggestions in Michael Porter’s book Competitive Strategies (Porter, 1998, p.35), where he claims that you need to choose between (1) Product differentiation, (2) Low price or (3) Niches to be successful, then you need to form a clear offer for that specific segment. You can only have success by being the best in one segment, if you try to combine you will most likely have trouble with resources and risk that another company wins this area. When you know the segment, you need to decide about your specific positioning. Kotler recommend the company to evaluate between 7 specific sources of positioning (Kotler, 1999, p.78): (1) Attribute positioning (2) Advantage positioning (3) Application positioning (4)User positioning (5) Competitive positioning (6) Category positioning (7)Quality/price positioning. Further on Kotler (1999) writes that companies must not do the following mistakes: Under positioning: Fail to offer a strong benefit or reason to buy the product Over positioning: To create a position that is too tight, which results in that you miss customers. Confusing positioning: To offer two or more benefits that interfere with each Other irrelevant positioning: To offer benefits to customers that doesn’t matter forthem. Doubtful positioning: To claim a benefit that customers will doubt the company to achieve. In the book â€Å"Crossing the chasm† by Geoffrey Moore, he claims that the positioning is the single largest influence on the buying decision. Not only for the final decision, but also for how to evaluate alternatives leading up to the final choice (Moore, 2001, p.144). Geoffrey Moore describes the positioning process in four components (Moore, 2001, p.147): The claim: The fundamental position statement The evidence: Develop sufficient evidence for the statement Communications: Address the right audience in the right sequence with the right message Feedback and adjustments: Competitors can be expected to respond to the statement trying to poke holes in the effort, this might require a patch up. There are different tools to use when evaluating the status of the position. Some of them can be found in the handbook of Andberg Eliasson (2005, p.47-54) where they are mentioned: 1) Marketing positioning diagram 2) Marketing roles 3) Marketing stairs 4) Profile diagram. Sjostrom, R. (1996, p26) have made a deep analysis of positioning and found out that there are four different groups of how to see positioning:Product-, Competition-, Relation-, and Phase oriented Positioning. Marketing Mix, Four P’s The Marketing Mix model also commonly known as the 4P’s Kotler (2005, p.19), describes the marketing tools and variables used by a company to pursue its marketing objectives. In other words, the Marketing Mix approach to marketing is a model used to assist in implementing marketing strategies. The Marketing Mix principles are based on ontrollable variables which can be used by companies to meet the changing needs of the target group. Typical controllable variables are product variety, quality, list price advertising and channels. The function on the model is useful helping companies to develop an optimal package (mix) of variables that will not only satisfy the needs of their customers within the target markets, but also simultaneously maximize the performance and profit of the company. Pricing is an important but difficult issue in this model, important because it is the only mix that generate a turnover for the company, all other P’s in the model are connected to costs, and â€Å"Pricing is difficult because the various products have demand and cost interrelationship and are subject to different degrees of competition† Kotler (2005, p.387). Figure – The 4P’s Components of the Marketing Mix (Kotler 2005, p.19) The Marketing Mix model is described in figure 3, describing the mix of Product, Price,Promotion and Place. Working with the model, also means working with sub-mixes ofeach different P. For example, the Promotion variable can be further decomposed into apromotional mix consisting of variables like; sales promotion, advertising, sales force,public relations and direct marketing. Within the promotional mix, advertising can befurther broken down into an advertising media mix that specifies how much emphasis isplaced on television ads, radio ads, newspaper ads, internet ads, magazine ads, etc. I would like to reflect on some variables within each group of the model that I find interesting when analyzing a Marketing Mix of a company. 1 Product The mix of products in each company is defined in one or more product lines, and each line has its own length depending on the companies strategy and competition. The lengths (amount of products) can be stretched to cover wider area of products or it can be filled (features of product within the range), both activities strive to find new customers and increase the sales and market share. The product line is also an interesting object for analyzing, to find out which product line to grow, maintain, harvest or divest. The quality is a variable to benefit from when communicating the message of the product/brand, but also when dealing with warranties, services and returns, while services and returns cost money. 2 Price Pricing is as mentioned above, a complex issue. There are both internal and external parameters to consider, with internal I mean manufacturing and marketing costs that need to be covered and with external I mean that you should consider the need of the market, the competition etc. I have read about 6 different situations only involving different product-mix pricing Kotler (2005, p.387). Pricing is also about credits, discounts, interests and leasing. It is all about to find out the most beneficial method for the company and in the same time give the customer maximum satisfaction according to his expectations. 3 Promotion Promotion is a group that handles variables likeadvert i si ng and sales promotion. These two variables I mentioned affect each other in a positive way. According to a study described (Kotler, 2005, p.387), a price promotion resulted in a 15% increase in sales volume, combined with feature promotion the product sales increased 19 %. Most affect was when also POP (Point-of-Purchase) was added to the campaign, like demonstrations. The tools to use are many and some will work better than others depending on the product and market. The main different areas when talking about omotion tools are; Consumer-, Trade- and Business and Sales Force Promotion Tools (Kotler, 2005, p.588-599). 4 Place I find the variableschannel andlocation in the group â€Å"Place† to be important variables to have control of. The channels are about moving goods from producer to consumer. Location is about where to find and get the product, not only physical but also places like web pages on the Internet. When discussing channels, functions and flow (Kotler, 2005, p.473) are easy to understand for me. Functions like physical or promotion creates a forward flow, from company to customer, and functions like ordering and payment create a backward flow. I find it more complex to understand, control and implement the Vertical marketing System Kotler (2005, p.486), Horizontal Marketing System (Kotler, 2005, p.488) or the most common of them, the Multi channel Marketing System (Kotler, 2005, p.488) into the strategies of a company. But this is the strength of this model I think, because if you can control all the independent variables in this model, you will most likely have good success in the sales volume. Reference Aaker, D. (1995), Strategic Marketing Management, John Wiley, New York, NY Adndberg, L. Eliasson, B. (2005),Marknadspl anen, Liber, Malmo. Holme, I.M., Solvang B.K (1997), Forskningsmetodik: om kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier. Lund: Studentlitteratur. Oversattning: Bjorn Nilsson. Kotler, P. (1999), Kotlers marknadsforing, Liber, Malmo. Kotler, P. Keller K. L. (2005), Marketing Management, 12th edition, Pearson Prentice Hall. McKenna, R. (1985), The Regis Touch, new market strategies for uncertain times, Addison-Wesley Publ. Company Inc., California. Moore, Geoffrey A. (2001), Crossing the Chasm, 3rd edition, Capstone, Oxford. Ries, A. Trout, J. (2006), Positioning: The battle for your mind, McGraw-Hill, London Sjostrom, R. (1996), Positionering under strategisk osakerhet, Diss. Ekonomiska institutionen, LiTH, Linkoping How to cite STP: Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning in Marketing Strategies, Essay examples

1. Definition of Down Syndrome Essay Example For Students

1. Definition of Down Syndrome Essay Down Syndrome, congenital malformation accompanied by moderate to severe mental retardation, and caused by a chromosomal abnormality. The chance of getting Down syndrome is approximately one in 700 births, but the risk varies with the age of the mother. The incidence of Down syndrome in children born to 25-year-old mothers is approximately 1 in 1200; the risk increases to approximately 1 in 120 for women older than 40 years. Prenatal tests like amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling can be used to detect the chromosomal abnormality causing Down syndrome. Maternal blood tests can also suggest the presence of a fetus with Down syndrome when levels of alphafetoprotein are lower than usual, or when levels of unconjugated estriol and human chorionic gonadotrophin are abnormal. The chromosomal abnormality which generally causes Down syndrome is trisomy-21, or the presence of three 21st chromosomes. As a result, the affected person has 47 chromosomes in all body cells instead of the normal 46. Scientists assume that the reason for the abnormally is the fertilization of an ovum having 24 chromosomes by a sperm with a normal assortment of 23, but they have also found that the sperm can carry the extra chromosome as well. The abnormal ovum or sperm is derived from a germ cell in which the pair of 21st chromosomes holds together and passes into the same sperm or ovum instead of separating. There are two types of Down Syndrome: translocation and mosaicism. Down syndrome can not yet be treated, but medical care of the disease results in an almost normal life for the persons affected. In the past, many children with Down syndrome were put in institutions. Today, Most children with Down syndrome participate in public-school programs, and most adults with Down syndrome hold jobs of different types in our society. Persons with Down syndrome are often short in stature and have a small, round head with a high, flattened forehead. A typical feature is a fold of skin, the epicanthic fold, on either side of the bridge of the nose.. Such persons are also subject to heart defectsmany of which can be corrected surgicallyand are more likely to develop leukemia than normal people. 2. Life with Down Syndrome 1. The ostracism related to Down Syndrome First of all, even if it sounds very logical, its important to say that Down Syndrome isnt usual; its not something that occurs in everybodys life . A minority of people have this disease, and therefore, were not used to this. Maybe it scares us, maybe it makes us laugh, or maybe it makes us feel sorry. Anyway, we feel uncomfortable in these peoples company. Were not used to confront them in our everyday life ,so it makes it difficult for us to share our lives with them in the same unique society. This is when the phenomenon of ostracism makes its entrance. Here are two major factors to this ostracism: People with Down Syndrome are mentally handicapped, and can therefore not accomplish the same intellectual tasks as normal people. Of course, it depends on how severe the handicap is, but in most of the cases, this is true. So the society does not accept from the intellectual point of view. Persons with Down Syndrome dont look the same way as we do. Sometimes, theyre even physically handicapped. This makes it difficult for them to participate in our physical activities , which sometimes even run our lives. Sports are one of these activities. One can say its a good thing there has been arranged games for these people, but doesnt this attend to separate them even more from our society ?In a way ,it does. I will conclude by saying that its a fact , this ostracism really exists . But isnt it human ? Sometimes one just cannot control their feelings. .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 , .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .postImageUrl , .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 , .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:hover , .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:visited , .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:active { border:0!important; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:active , .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691 .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u163da0b86a484fb745280fe2ab7d7691:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homeless Essay Its nature, its the way we are .And actually , theres nothing more to it . At least , for the moment .A change of mentality is a long process. The people concerned must in a way accept this, as long as theyre not made fun of or discriminated. And again, as in the issue of racism, tolerance is the key. We cant be asked to like them, but .